Characterization of phthalates in sink and source materials - Measurement methods and the impact on exposure assessment: Provenance, Traceability, and Auditability

A defensible evidence chain must show where data originated, how records were transformed, and which decisions can be reconstructed after publication. This structured evidence review evaluates "Characterization of phthalates in sink and source materials: Measurement methods and the impact on exposure assessment" alongside nine author-disjoint, topically matched publications in environmental exposure assessment. It compares construct definitions, evaluation choices, operating assumptions, and reported limitations instead of treating bibliographic similarity as empirical equivalence. Viewed through data provenance and auditability, the map separates claims supported by the available record from questions that still require full-text extraction, replication, or new experiments. The synthesis is interpretive rather than meta-analytic and therefore does not present a pooled effect estimate or a new causal result. The resulting agenda emphasizes versioned data lineage, transformation logs, access controls, and auditable links between evidence and decisions.

1. Yang, T., Wang, H., Zhang, X., Xiong, J., Huang, S., & Koutrakis, P. (2020). Characterization of phthalates in sink and source materials: Measurement methods and the impact on exposure assessment. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 396, 122689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122689 DOI
2. Zhou, X., Li, W., Wang, X., & Wang, Y. (2025). Health risk assessment of indoor formaldehyde exposure across Chinese residences: Effects of building material grades. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 490, 137831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137831 DOI
3. Wyatt, B. (2025). VOC Exposure and Indoor Air Quality: A Practical Framework for Residential Risk Mitigation. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5348101 DOI
4. Harčárová, K., Vilčeková, S., & Balintova, M. (2020). Building Materials as Potential Emission Sources of VOC in the Indoor Environment of Buildings. Key Engineering Materials, 838, 74-80. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.838.74 DOI
5. Opitz, P., Matysik, S., & Herbarth, O. (2017). Health Risk Assessment of Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) considering Long-term trend of VOC. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science, 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/jeos.20170113084246 DOI
6. “Jensen” Zhang, J., Chen, W., Liu, N., Guo, B.-B., & Zhang, Y. (2022). Testing and Reducing VOC Emissions from Building Materials and Furniture to Improve Indoor Air Quality>. Handbook of Indoor Air Quality, 1-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5155-5_53-1 DOI
7. Li, X., Zheng, N., Yu, Y., An, Q., & Chen, C. (2025). Comprehensive indoor phthalate risk assessment: A multimedia exposure framework for quantifying population health risk and disease burden. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 499, 140045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140045 DOI
8. Jianyin Xiong,, Yinping Zhang,, & Shaodan Huang, (2011). Characterisation of VOC and Formaldehyde Emission from Building Materials in a Static Environmental Chamber: Model Development and Application. Indoor and Built Environment, 20(2), 217-225. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326x103874801 DOI
9. Brinke, J.-T., Selvin, S., Hodgson, A.-T., Fisk, W.-J., Mendell, M.-J., Koshland, C.-P., & Daisey, J.-M. (1998). Development of New Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Exposure Metrics and their Relationship to "Sick Building Syndrome" Symptoms. Indoor Air, 8(3), 140-152. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1998.t01-1-00002.x DOI
10. Hossain, M. (2025). Indoor Air Quality Risks in U.S. E-Commerce Fulfillment Centers: A Systematic Review and Modeling-Based Risk Assessment of VOC Exposure. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts, 4(3), 201-211. https://doi.org/10.47709/ijmdsa.v4i3.6911 DOI